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4th Annual Niels Bohr Institute MSc. Student Symposium

14 March 2025
H.C. Ørsted Institute
Europe/Copenhagen timezone
Abstract submission and Registration is now CLOSED! But you can always sneakpeek...

Contribution List

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28. Gravitational waves lensing by the strong field of a black hole
Matilde Garcia (Center of Gravity - Niels Bohr Institute)
14/03/2025, 13:00
Presentation
Presentations
29. Effects of non-linear excitation on the propagation of light
Deniz Adigüzel
14/03/2025, 13:20
Presentation
Presentations
30. Exploring nematic behaviour in systems with polar symmetry
Niels de Graaf Sousa
14/03/2025, 13:40
31. Quantifying the Reduction in Carbon Footprint of Physics-Informed Machine Learning in the Pursuit of Greener Artificial Intelligence Practices
Sophia Wilson (Niels Bohr Institute)
14/03/2025, 14:00
32. Construction of Fault Tolerant Interfaces for Topological Quantum Error Correcting Codes
Max Emil K.S. Sondergaard (University of Copenhagen)
14/03/2025, 14:45
Presentation
Presentations
33. Neutron Star properties through Collider experiments
Andreas Vitsos (University of Copenhagen)
14/03/2025, 15:05
Presentation
Presentations
34. Diatoms - A novel sea-ice proxy
Johanna-Sophia Köberl
14/03/2025, 15:25
Presentation
Presentations
35. Modelling bursty star formation in high redshift galaxies
Elie Cueto (University of Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Institute)
14/03/2025, 15:45
26. A multi-filter exploration of the galaxy size-wavelength relation
14/03/2025, 16:05

The James Webb Space Telescope provides unprecedented access to galaxies at a broad range of redshifts observed in a variety of filters, which correspond to different wavelengths of observation. Due to the extraordinary volume of accessible and distinct filters, we are able to see how physical information drastically changes based on the differences in galaxy emission captured at different...
21. Angular reconstruction of high energy neutrinos in IceCube using machine learning
14/03/2025, 16:05

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, located at the South Pole, is a cutting-edge telescope designed to detect neutrinos, including high-energy (HE) cosmic neutrinos. Strong evidence links these HE neutrinos to astrophysical sources such as active galactic nuclei (AGNs), blazars, and tidal disruption events (TDEs). Current reconstruction algorithms achieve an angular resolution of approximately...
17. Calibration of IceCube detectors
14/03/2025, 16:05

This project aims to calibrate the Digital Optical Modules (DOMs) in the IceCube Neutrino Observatory using minimum ionizing muons. By analyzing simulated muon events in Monte Carlo data, we hope to determine the relative efficiency of which the DOMs have been simulated with. DOM efficiency is currently the third largest systematic uncertainty in IceCube, directly impacting event...
10. Decrypting AGN Spectra
14/03/2025, 16:05

(Presentation and/or progress poster)

I am developing software to decrypt the complex UV-optical spectra of the gaseous region surrounding accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs), such that we may advance our understanding of central SMBHs further. Emission from these regions is cryptic at best. Due to the highly energetic environment, physical gas components which contribute to the...
6. Developing methods for measureing clumped oxygen
14/03/2025, 16:05

Oxygen trapped in ice cores provides information about past climate. This research has largely been concerned with single substituded oxygen, where one of the two oxygen atoms is substituted for an either O-17 or O-18. Much rarer and harder to measure is clumped oxygen, where both atoms are of rare isotopes. Clumped oxygen has the potential to provide information about the upper atmosphere in...
25. Effects of Dark Matter on Quasinormal Modes and Tails of Black Holes
14/03/2025, 16:05

In 1915, Einstein formulated the general theory of relativity, which describes how massive objects bend and curve the fabric of spacetime. One of the main predictions of general relativity is the existence of black holes, which are dense regions of spacetime in which not even light can escape. Several detections and observations confirm the existence of black holes, including the trajectory of...
13. Extending Prometheus: an Open Source Neutrino Detector Simulation Framework
14/03/2025, 16:05

Open source simulation frameworks are highly valuable in experimental particle physics, enabling collaborative data simulations shared among different research groups. This thesis extends Prometheus, an open source framework created to provide unified simulation capabilities for all active and proposed gigaton neutrino telescopes: IceCube at the South Pole, KM3NeT in the Mediterranean Sea,...
4. Machine learning prediction of climate multi-stability
14/03/2025, 16:05

Due to the co-existence of different stable states (multi-stability), various climate components, such as the Amazon forest, the West African monsoon or the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), may undergo catastrophic regime shifts at varying levels of global warming. As a result, our uncertainty in future greenhouse gas emissions renders possible a variety of storylines with...
27. Neutrino Flavour Classification on High-Energy IceCube Events Using a Transformer Model
14/03/2025, 16:05

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole is designed to detect neutrinos originating from astrophysical sources such as Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), supernovae (SN), and the Sun. The detector consists of 86 strings, each equipped with multiple Digital Optical Modules (DOMs) containing photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). These PMTs detect Cherenkov light produced by neutrino interactions...
14. Neutrinos in collapsars
14/03/2025, 16:05

Collapsing massive stars are rich in neutrinos.
Neutrinos are elementary particles with exciting features. The goal is to predict their evolution when travelling through very dense matter and what flavor percentages we should get on Earth.
22. Photometric Tomography of the Intergalactic Medium at the Reionization Epoch
14/03/2025, 16:05

The study of the intergalactic medium (IGM) and its interaction with light from distant galaxies provides crucial insights into the evolution of the universe. In this project, I will apply a technique called "photometric intergalactic medium (IGM) tomography" to reconstruct a map of the large-scale structure of the IGM in the early Universe using a publicly available photometric catalogue and...
18. Probing Collective States of Ultracold Atoms via Cavity-Enhanced Interaction
14/03/2025, 16:05

In quantum information science, encoding information in atomic states and reading it through light is essential for building quantum networks. Enhancing light-matter interaction is crucial for improving the efficiency of such processes, and optical cavities have emerged as a powerful tool in this regard. This project experimentally investigates the feasibility of measuring a collective state...
15. Probing the Ionization and Kinematics of AGN Broad-Line Regions: An Advanced Cloudy Photoionization Study
14/03/2025, 16:05

Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are among the most luminous objects in the universe, powered by accretion onto supermassive black holes. The broad-line region (BLR), located within 5–30 light days of the black hole, produces strong emission lines that probe the ionization and kinematics of AGN gas. This project utilizes the Cloudy photoionization code to model BLR emission, incorporating new...
24. Schwarzschild Modelling of the barred galaxy NGC 3783
14/03/2025, 16:05

The Schwarzschild orbit-superposition method, developed for modeling galaxy dynamics, uses a combination of stellar orbits to represent the gravitational potential of a galaxy's center. This technique enables us to estimate the mass of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) residing in the galactic nucleus. Measuring the SMBH mass is crucial for understanding the growth and evolution of...
7. Searching for axions in the gamma-ray sky
14/03/2025, 16:05

Extreme astrophysical environments may produce axion-like particles (ALPs), whose interactions could leave observable imprints on astronomical spectra. If they exist, ALPs may be a viable candidate for dark matter. In this project, we search for axion-induced spectral features in gamma-ray observations of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that are aligned with galaxy clusters along the line of...
19. Sustaining galaxy gas turbulence by supernova feedback in dwarf galaxies
14/03/2025, 16:05

This master’s thesis investigates the role of supernova (SN) feedback in driving turbulence within the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies, a key factor in galaxy evolution. While SN feedback is considered to be one of the primary drivers of ISM turbulence, its efficiency across star-forming galaxies remains uncertain. This study focuses on dwarf galaxies in the local Universe, aiming to...
2. The physics and chemistry of the cold dust and gas around protostars
14/03/2025, 16:05

Current studies on star and planet formation suggest that many molecules form on the surfaces on icy grains in molecular clouds from where they are then accreted onto the emerging protoplanetary disk and in some cases sublimate due to the heating by the young star. However, it remains unclear what role the surrounding environment and/or its evolution plays in regulating the chemistry.

The...
20. Ultra-high-energy neutrinos to look for super-heavy dark matter inside Earth
14/03/2025, 16:05

As the Earth travels across the Milky Way, it passes through the galactic halo of dark matter particles. Occasionally a dark matter particle could interact with the contents of the earth, scattering it to a lower energy, which can lead to it becoming gravitationally trapped inside the Earth. If these dark matter particles are self-annihilating, or decay, one possible final state product will...
12. Understanding Denmark's Changing Precipitation Through Explainable Machine Learning
14/03/2025, 16:05

Precipitation in Denmark arises from different mechanisms across seasons. In winter, large-scale dynamics driven by the North Atlantic storm track dominate, while summer precipitation involves large-scale systems and local convective processes. Current climate models predict changes in these patterns, but since 2000, Denmark has experienced precipitation exceeding model predictions. Suggesting...
16. Construction of Fault Tolerant Interfaces for Topological Quantum Error Correcting Codes
Presentation
Presentations

In this work we consider novel constructions for fault tolerant encoding and decoding interfaces in the context of channel codes that serve to protect quantum information being sent between a sender and receiver under the presence of general quantum noise. These encoding and decoding interfaces serve as the transitions between the physical quantum input output information of the system and the...
11. Diatoms - A novel sea-ice proxy
Presentation
Presentations

The Climate Crisis is one of the major challenges facing humanity today. To understand and predict how the Earth’s climate will respond to ongoing anthropogenic forcing, it is essential to first examine the dynamics of the climate system and its past variability. Ice sheets covering Greenland and Antarctica serve as crucial archives of past climate conditions, preserving proxies for...
8. Effects of non-linear excitation on the propagation of light
Presentation
Presentations

With the increasing number of nuclear-resonant photons per pulse at x-ray free electron lasers (XFELs), achieving higher excitation levels experimentally becomes feasible. This development makes it particularly compelling to investigate light propagation and dynamics beyond the low-excitation regime (LER) and around population inversion. Thus, in my thesis, we examined the time response of...
3. Exploring nematic behaviour in systems with polar symmetry.
Presentation
Presentations

Active matter encompasses a wide range of systems, from bird-flocks to bacterial colonies. Two main formalisms describe these systems based on individual particle symmetries: polar and nematic. Each formalism leads to unique behaviours, the most significant being the appearance of half and full integer topological defects for nematic and polar respectively. However, recent advances in the...
9. Gravitational waves lensing by the strong field of a black hole
Presentation
Presentations

The first detection of gravitational waves (GWs) in 2015 opened the door to GW physics, which has allowed us to test Gravity with unprecedented precision.

When emitted by a source, usually a merging binary of compact objects such as black holes (BHs), gravitational waves propagate moslty unaltered through the cosmos. However, if they encounter objects in their path that are massive/compact...
23. Modelling bursty star formation in high redshift galaxies
Presentation
Presentations

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has uncovered an unexpectedly high abundance of ultraviolet-bright galaxies early in the Universe, at redshifts beyond 10. Various explanations have been proposed, including bursty star formation, a top-heavy initial mass function (IMF) or a higher star formation efficiency. However, to date we lack physical models or simulations that has explored the...
5. Neutron Star properties through Collider experiments
Presentation
Presentations

With the advent of multimessenger astronomy, neutron stars are studied through multiple observational methods. These observations, combined with data from collider experiments such as those at the LHC at CERN, help constrain the Equation of State (EoS) of neutron matter. The symmetry energy parameter (Lsym) in the EoS is of great interest due to its connection with the neutron skin thickness...
1. Quantifying the Reduction in Carbon Footprint of Physics-Informed Machine Learning in the Pursuit of Greener Artificial Intelligence Practices
Presentation
Presentations

This thesis explores the potential reduction in the carbon footprint of machine learning (ML) models by integrating physical constraints into their design. Traditional ML models rely on large datasets and extensive parameter optimization, leading to significant computational costs and associated carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. However, by adopting a physics-informed approach, it may be...
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